Dorset and East Devon Coast (World Heritage)
According to historyaah, the eight sections of the approximately 155 km long Jura coast on the English Channel in southern England document a span of around 190 million years of geological history. The coastal landscape is known worldwide as a fossil site for various types of dinosaurs.
Dorset and East Devon Coast: Facts
| Official title: | Dorset and East Devon coast (“Jurassic Coast”) |
| Natural monument: | Eight sections within a 155 km long stretch of coast on the south-west coast of Great Britain between Orcombe Rocks near Exmouth in East Devon to Studland Bay, Dorset, more than 80 percent of which are pristine cliffs, a total of 25.5 km²; Documentation of a span of about 185 million years from the earth’s history; numerous significant fossil animal finds including ichthyosaurs (ichthyosaurs), scelidosaurs, pterosaurs (flying lizards), dinosaurs; Ammonites including Asteroceras obtusum, Parkinsonia parkinsoni and Titanites anguiformis; Gastropods; Belemnites (cephalopods), echinoderms (hair stars) and plant finds |
| Continent: | Europe |
| Country: | Great Britain |
| Location: | Dorset and East Devon coast |
| Appointment: | 2001 |
| Meaning: | Geological evidence of the three stages of the Mesozoic Era (Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous); engine of geoscientific and paleontological research for 300 years |
Dorset and East Devon Coast: History
| 8000-4000 BC Chr. | First settlement near Portland |
| from 700 BC Chr. | Fortified settlements |
| around 1700 | First research |
| 1810 | First complete ichthyosaur skeleton found (200 million years old) |
| 1820 | First geological map of the region |
| 1957 | Dorset coast under nature protection |
| 1963 | Coast of East Devon under nature protection |
New Lanark Industrial Model Estate (World Heritage)
Starting from the largest cotton mill in Great Britain, the textile entrepreneur and social reformer Robert Owen realized his ideas of a humane working environment with the industrial settlement near Glasgow, founded in 1785. The settlement is considered a milestone in social urban development and economic history.
New Lanark Model Industrial Settlement: Facts
| Official title: | New Lanark industrial estate (Scotland) |
| Cultural monument: | Textile factory created in the early 19th century by the philanthropist and social reformer Robert Owen with an associated settlement for up to 2,500 workers; Social housing, schools, educational institutions for children and adults, medical care, canteens and shops; Introduction of compulsory schooling, restriction of daily working hours, minimum age for child labor; Worldwide role model for numerous projects to combine industrial production with humane working conditions and adequate living space for employees |
| Continent: | Europe |
| Country: | Great Britain |
| Location: | New Lanark, southeast of Glasgow |
| Appointment: | 2001 |
| Meaning: | Milestone in social and industrial history with influences up to the present day |
New Lanark Industrial Model Settlement: History
| 1771 | Robert Owen was born in Newton, Wales |
| 1785 | David Dale, father-in-law of Robert Owen, founds a cotton mill in New Lanark |
| 1791 | Owen director of a spinning mill in Manchester |
| 1800 | Owen takes over the management of New Lanark; in the following period introduction of social reforms |
| from 1810 | Fight of Owen with numerous initiatives, petitions, legislative proposals and lectures in public for his reforms |
| 1816 | Opening of the school building and cultural center “Institute for Character Education” |
| 1825 | Founding of the model settlement “New Harmony” in Indiana, USA, by Owen (failed after two years) |
| 1827 | Return to London, working for the cooperative system |
| 1858 | Death of Owen |
| 1968 | Production in New Lanark ceases |
| 1983 | New Lanark Restoration (listed) |
| 1990 | Reopening as a museum |
Saltaire industrial village (World Heritage)
The neoclassical-style industrial and housing estate was built in 1853 by entrepreneur Titus Salt near Bradford, West Yorkshire. It is the largest completely preserved model settlement from the early industrial age. Saltaire is a prime example of private initiatives in industrial urban development and philanthropically motivated industrialization. The settlement influenced the development and conception of modern garden cities.
Saltaire industrial village: facts
| Official title: | Saltaire industrial village |
| Cultural monument: | Industrial and housing estate in neoclassical style; built from 1853 by the philanthropist and textile manufacturer Titus Salt; due to poor working and living conditions in Bradford, construction of a model estate with wide streets and spacious workers’ apartments with gardens; around the weaving mills Development of the city of »Saltaire« by 1873, including a canteen (1854), shops, churches (Congregational Church, 1856; Methodist Church, 1868), schools (elementary school, 1868; Sunday school, 1868; Science Art School, 1887), Hospital (1868), Bathhouse (1883) Retirement Home (1886), Boathouse (1871), Roberts Park (1871); Ban on restaurants and alcohol |
| Continent: | Europe |
| Country: | Great Britain |
| Location: | Saltaire, on the outskirts of Bradford |
| Appointment: | 2001 |
| Meaning: | Almost completely preserved model settlement in the neoclassical style of the early industrial age |
Saltaire industrial village: history
| around 1800 | Bradford with 16,000 residents |
| 1836 | Introduction of alpaca wool in Europe by Titus Salt |
| 1850 | Bradford Capital of wool production, 108 weaving mills, over 100,000 residents |
| 1853 | Opening of the “Salt Mill” weaving mill, 3,000 workers, 1,200 looms |
| 1868 | Opening of the second weaving mill “New Mill” |
| 1873 | Completion of Saltaire |
| 1876 | Death of Titus Salt |
| until 1893 | Saltaire owned by the Salt family |
| 1986 | Operation finally ceased after several changes of ownership |
| 1988 | Establishment of an art museum in “Salt Mill” |